After Barbary explores the connection between the United States and North Africa between the Barbary Wars of the early nineteenth century and the era of European decolonization after World War II. Timothy Mason Roberts offers a new approach to the study of empires, highlighting the significance of Algeria in French-American relations from France's first occupation of the country through the first years of independence of the Republic of Algeria. As Roberts demonstrates, imperial authorities in Washington, DC; Paris; and Algiers rarely collaborated intentionally in institutional partnerships or alliances. Rather, American, French, and Algerian politicians, soldiers, writers, and revolutionaries―often acting at cross purposes and across political and cultural boundaries―sought power by imagining and constructing Algeria as a fissured, dynamic, transimperial space. Focusing on issues of settler colonialism, irregular warfare, racialized citizenship, territorial incorporation, and pan-African identity, After Barbary shows how French Algeria helped make the American and French empires. A valuable contribution analyzing underexplored commonalities and interactions between the American republic and the French colonial project in Algeria. After Barbary will be of great interest to scholars of the United States and North Africa, as well as of American imperialism and French history. -- Lawrence Peskin, author of Three Consuls Fresh, original, and at times surprising, After Barbary examines Algeria's underappreciated role in the history of political thought within the French and American empires, exposing fascinating and under-researched aspects of nineteenth- and twentieth-century imperialism. -- Andrew Priest, author of Designs on Empire After Barbary reveals how Algeria became a crossroads of empire, shaping both French colonial policy and the rise of American imperialism. Roberts draws together divergent historical narratives with skill, tracing the ways in which French colonization informed America's wars of expansion, Reconstruction, overseas empire, and movements such as Black internationalism. From the conquest of Algiers to the struggles of decolonization, this groundbreaking study shows how two republics defined, borrowed, and contested the meaning of empire. -- Gavin Murray-Miller, Cardiff University After Barbary reveals how Algeria became a crossroads of empire, shaping both French colonial policy and the rise of American imperialism. Roberts draws together divergent historical narratives with skill, tracing the ways in which French colonization informed America's wars of expansion, Reconstruction, overseas empire, and movements such as Black internationalism. From the conquest of Algiers to the struggles of decolonization, this groundbreaking study shows how two republics defined, borrowed, and contested the meaning of empire. -- Gavin Murray-Miller, Cardiff University Timothy Mason Roberts is Professor and Chair of the Department of History at Western Illinois University. The Wall Street Journal , the Grateful American Foundation, and the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic have recognized his work for excellence.