The title of the third volume of Chiasmi International deliberately reverses the tutle of one of Merleau-Ponty’s last courses. Moreover, two unpublished notes concerning music make up the unusual opening of this volume. In these two ways, we are intending to emphasize that more than ever we must pay attention to Merleau-Ponty’s particular tendency to seek the reason of (his) philosophy in non-philosophy. This attention is exactly what serves as the guiding thread throughout the essays collected here, some of which have been solicited from the participants of the fourth "International Symposium of Phenomenology" (Perugia, 2000) while others were presented in the third seminar on Merleau-Ponty at the Husserl Archives in Paris (2000-2001). Texts by: Daniela Calabrò, Mauro Carbone, Fabio Ciaramelli, Francesco Colli, Duane H. Davis, Wayne Froman, Michael Gendre, Xavier Guchet, Alexandre Hubeny, Kurt Dauer Keller, Enrica Lisciani-Petrini, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Ann V. Murphy, Andrea Pinotti, Mario Todoro Ramirez Cobian, Myriam Revault D’Allones, Calvin O. Schrag, Clara da Silva-Charrak, Davide Scarso, Cecilia Sjoholm, Jenny Slatman, Ted Toadvine, Robert Vallier.