What are “Combining Forms”? - Combining form is a form of a word that can combine with free word, root word or another combining form to get a new word. ‘Combining form’ adds extra meaning to the new word. ‘Combining form’ is added to the beginning or end of free word, root word or another combining form. --- (A). Examples of “Combining form + Free Word”: Agro- + Industry = Agro-industry, Agro- denotes: connected with farming --- (B). Example of “Combining form + Root Word”: Aero- + Gramme = Aerogramm, Aero- denotes: connected with aircraft, Gramme denotes: writing --- (C). Examples of “Combining form + Combining form”: Hydro- + -Logy = Hydrology [the scientific study of the earth's water] Hydro- denotes: relating to water, -Logy denotes: a subject of study --- IMPORTANT NOTES: 1. “Combining form” generally cannot stand alone as free words, but there are many exceptions to this rule. EXAMPLES: Combining Form: -like [free word] - lotus + -like = lotus-like; rope + -like = rope-like; -like- denotes: similar to the thing that is mentioned --- 2. Many Words ending in “-ed”, “-en”, etc. are used as COMBINING FORMS. EXAMPLES: Combining Form: -based (ending in ‘-ed’) - foreign + -based = foreign-based; demand + -based = demand-based; -based denotes: containing something as an important feature or part --- 3. Many words ending in “-ing” are used as COMBINING FORMS. EXAMPLES: Combining Form: -looking (ending in ‘-ing’) - fine + -looking = fine-looking; suspicious + -looking = suspicious-looking; -looking- denotes: to be appearing in a way that is mentioned --- Alphabetical List of Combining Forms Along With Their Meanings And Examples - Combining Forms – A-- AERO -- Used to form: adjectives, adverbs and nouns; General meaning: connected with aircraft; Examples: aerobatics / aerodrome / aerodynamics / aerofoil / aerogramme (also, aerogram) / aeronaut / aeronautics / aerospace / aerostat ****** -AFFECTED -- Used to form: adjectives; General meaning: suffering from the thing that is mentioned; Examples [along with their use in phrases]: drug-affected ---- [drug-affected newborns]; famine-affected ---- [famine-affected village]; flu-affected ---- [flu-affected patients]; militancy-affected ---- [militancy-affected state]; quake-affected ---- [quake-affected hills]; Other Examples: flood-affected / cyclone-affected / explosion-affected / drought-affected / rain-affected / violence-affected ****** AFRO- Used to form: adjectives and nouns- General meaning: African; Examples [along with their use in phrases]: Afro-Brazilian ---- [Afro-Brazilian heritage]; Afro-British ---- [Afro-British people]; Afro-Caribbean ---- [Afro-Caribbean cooperation]; Afro-Colombian ---- [Afro-Colombian celebrities]; Afro-Cuban ---- [Afro-Cuban player]; Afro-descendant ---- [Afro-descendant communities]; Afro-Iranian ---- [Afro-Iranian minority]; Afro-Latina ---- [Afro-Latina engineers]; Afro-Mexican ---- [Afro-Mexican students]; Afro-Palestinian ---- [Afro-Palestinian group]; Afro-Turk ---- [Afro-Turk music star] ****** ALL- Used to form: adjectives and adverbs; General meaning: each and every one --- totally --- in the highest degree; Examples: all-American / all-around / all-British / all-Canadian / all-clear / all-consuming / all-embracing / all-encompassing / all-important / all-inclusive / all-night / all-nighter / all-out / all-over / all-party / all-pervading / all-powerful / all-purpose / all-round / all-rounder / all-star / all-ticket / all-time "English Daily Use" Titles By Manik Joshi: 01. How to Start a Sentence 02. English Interrogative Sentences 03. English Imperative Sentences 04. Negative Forms in English 05. Learn English Exclamations 06. English Causative Sentences 07. English Conditional Sentences 08. Creating Long Sentences in English 09. How to Use Numbers in Conversation 10. Making Comparisons in English 11. Examples of English Correlatives 12. Interchange of Active and Passive Voice 13. Repetition of Words 14. Remarks in English Language 15. Using Tenses in English 16. English Grammar- Am, Is, Are, Was, Were 17. English Grammar- Do, Does, Did 18. English Grammar- Have, Has, Had 19. English Grammar- Be and Have 20. English Modal Auxiliary Verbs 21. Direct and Indirect Speech 22. Get- Popular English Verb 23. Ending Sentences with Prepositions 24. Popular Sentences in English 25. Common English Sentences 26. Daily Use English Sentences 27. Speak English Sentences Everyday 28. Popular English Idioms and Phrases 29. Common English Phrases 30. Daily English Important Notes "English Word Power" Titles By Manik Joshi: 01. Dictionary of English Synonyms 02. Dictionary of English Antonyms 03. Homonyms, Homophones and Homographs 04. Dictionary of English Capitonyms 05. Dictionary of Prefixes and Suffixes 06. Dictionary of Combining Forms 07. Dictionary of Literary Words 08. Dictionary of Old-fashioned Words 09. Dictionary of Humorous Words 10. Compound Words in English 11. Dictionary of Informal Words 12. Dictionary