The geochemical weathering of top soil on the earth's crust has profound effects on the global cycling of elements. This book explores the fabric of marine sediments brought by various biogeochemical processes that lead to the distribution of transition, non-transition and rare-earth elements along the southwest coast of India. The findings are the results of the analysis of data gathered prior and subsequent occurrence of Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004, one of the worst natural disasters in modern history. This book providing an in-depth look into the manifestations of sediment geochemistry along the southwest coast of India in relation to the catastrophe would be a pioneering contribution to the region. This book covers an up-to-date research, a complete survey of the subject, and the mathematical formulations will be most interesting to researchers of geology, oceanography as well as the broader community of earth scientists. The book ends with a chapter on a model to quantify the early diagenesis, which controls the deposition of metals in estuaries and continental shelves.