In the early 1940s, a boom in white migration to Southeast Alaska brought questions of land and resource rights to courts of law, where neither precedence nor evidence was sufficient to settle claims. In 1946, the Commissioner of Indian Affairs assigned a team of researchers―anthropologist Walter Goldschmidt, lawyer Theodore Haas, and Tlingit schoolteacher and interpreter Joseph Kahklen―to go from village to village to interview old and young alike to discover who owned and used the lands and waters and under what rules. Their mimeographed report, “The Possessory Rights of the Natives of Southeastern Alaska,” established strong historical evidence to support Native land claims. Haa Aaní, Our Land publishes this monumental study in book form for the first time. A reminiscence by Walter Goldschmidt and introduction by Thomas Thornton explain the genesis, context, and significance of the original report. Previously uncirculated testimony from the original 88 witnesses is included, along with a bibliography and an index of names, clans, and resources. "With everybody wanting to come to Alaska, we are afraid that we are going to lose everything and earnestly request the Government to give us protection and set aside for us the lands which are ours by aboriginal rights."―Chilkoot Indian Association, 1946 Thomas F. Thornton is dean of arts and sciences and vice provost for research and sponsored programs at the University of Alaska Southeast. He is the author of Being and Place among the Tlingit (University of Washington Press, 2015) and other books on Alaska Native culture and environmental anthropology.