This supplement to Japanese: The Spoken Languages (JSL), Part I , has been prepared to guide the instructor and the student step-by-step through the explanations of structure that are found in the main textbook. The question-and-answer format makes the material easier to follow by providing the questions that should be asked and the accurate answers to them. Meticulously prepared, this supplement makes the sections on structural patterns in JSL much simpler to use. This supplement to Japanese: The Spoken Language, Part 1 (Yale University Press, 1987), hereafter JSL, Part 1, has been prepared for those who find the Structural Patterns in the textbook difficult to master in their present form. Here they have been transformed into a question-and-answer format, with most exchanges covering a single point. This format is also useful for review or for studying the Structural Patterns together with a fellow student. Eleanor Harz Jorden is the Mary Donlon Alger Professor of Linguistics emeritus at Cornell University. Mari Noda is an assistant professor of Japanese in the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures at The Ohio State University.