Six frequently requested papers by Ralph D. Sawyer on Chinese intelligence concepts and practice s originally presented at the National Security Agency’s biannual Symposium on Cryptologic History and the annual conventions of the International Studies Association and Society for Military History, together with a supplement to the author’s well-known Tao of Spycraft and a contemplation of the Taoist elements from the introduction to the now out-of-print single volume edition of The Six Secret Teachings . Contents: “The Defector Conundrum in Early Chinese Perspective,” “The Intercept Dilemma: Historical Theory and Practice (with a Chinese Emphasis),” “Divination and Prognostication: Two Early Chinese Intelligence Sources,” “Intelligence Failure in Historical Perspective (with a Chinese Emphasis),” “Indirect, Veiled, and Clandestine Communication in Early China,” “Character and Command in the Chinese Military Writings,” “Knowing Men, Fathoming States,” and “Taoism and the Six Secret Teachings”