In view of the complexity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is important to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate policies to ensure that trade contributes to enhancing opportunities for all. Building on new analysis and data broken down by gender, this study aims to advance understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women. Research on gender equality and trade has been held back by limited data as well as by a lack of understanding of the connections between the economic roles women play as workers, consumers and decision-makers. The report, co-published by the World Trade Organization and the World Bank, gathers new data to show how trade and trade policy can affect men and women differently—in terms of wages, consumption and welfare and in the quality of jobs available to them. New analysis based on these data suggests that expanding trade can act as an impetus for countries to improve women's rights and boost female participation in the economy. The World Trade Organization (WTO) , located in Geneva, deals with the global rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal of the WTO is to help the producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business as smoothly and freely as possible.