This report uses the inventions of Lemelson-MIT Prize winners as examples to illustrate the scientific, technological, economic, and social impacts that inventions can have on society. Researchers consider impacts of this group's inventions in aggregate across all prize winners and through case studies of prize winners from three particular years. David Metz is an honorary professor in the Centre for Transport Studies at University College London and was formerly Chief Scientist at the UK Department for Transport. He is the author of Peak Car: The Future of Travel (2014) and The Limits to Travel: How Far Will You Go? (2008).