The first decade of the 21st century has witnessed the decline of multiculturalism as a policy in Western countries with tighter national border controls and increasing anti-migration discourse. But what is the impact of multiculturalism in East Asia? How will East Asian nations develop their own policies on migration and multiculturalism? What does cultural diversity mean for their future? Multiculturalism in East Asia examines the development and impact of multiculturalism in East Asia with a focus on Japan, South Korean and Taiwan. It uses a transnational approach to explore key topics including policy, racialized discourses on cultural diversity and the negotiation process of marginalized subjects and groups. While making a contextualized analysis in each country, contributors will consciously make a comparison and references to other East Asian cases while also situating this as well as put their case in a wider transnational context. “The countries of East Asia - historically some of the most ethnically homogeneous in the world - are increasingly experiencing the impacts of international migration, leading them to confront the possibilities and challenges of multiculturalism. This collection brings together a range of superb original essays which explore the shared experiences of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan in the negotiation of growing cultural diversity in their midst.” ―Ien Ang, Distinguished Professor of Cultural Studies, Western Sydney University Koichi Iwabuchi is Professor of Media and Cultural Studies and Director of Monash Asia Institute, Monash University in Melbourne. Hyun Mee Kim is Professor of the Department of Cultural Anthropology and Graduate Program in Culture and Gender Studies, Yonsei University, South Korea. Hsiao-Chuan Hsia is Professor and Director at the Graduate Institute for Social Transformation Studies, Shih Hsin University, Taipei. Multiculturalism in East Asia A Transnational Exploration of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan By Koichi Iwabuchi, Hyun Mee Kim, Hsiao-Chuan Hsia Rowman & Littlefield International, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 Koichi Iwabuchi, Hyun Mee Kim and Hsiao-Chuan Hsia All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-1-78348-497-3 Contents 1 Rethinking Multiculturalism from a Trans-East-Asian Perspective Koichi Iwabuchi, Hyun Mee Kim and Hsiao-Chuan Hsia, 1, SECTION 1: MULTICULTURALISM POLICY DISCOURSE: CRITICAL INTERROGATION, 19, 2 Korean Multiculturalism and Its Discontents Ji-Hyun Ahn, 21, 3 Multicultural Taiwan: Policy Developments and Challenges Li-Jung Wang, 37, 4 Multicultural Co-living (tabunka kyosei) in Japan: Localized Engagement without Multiculturalism Koichi Iwabuchi, 55, SECTION 2: RACIALIZATION OF MULTICULTURAL SITUATIONS, 69, 5 The Racialization of Multicultural Families by Media in a Multicultural Nation Hyesil Jung, 71, 6 Enacting Race and the Nation in Taiwan: How Immigration Laws Embody the Dark Side of the Nation-building Process in Taiwan Bruce Yuan-Hao Liao, 85, 7 Intersecting Japanese Nationalism and Racism as Everyday Practices: Toward Constructing a Multiculturalist Japanese Society Yuko Kawai, 103, SECTION 3: CULTURAL POLITICS OF MULTICULTURAL SUBJECT MAKINGS, 125, 8 Can "Multicultural Soldiers" Serve the Nation? The Social Debate about the Military Service Management of Mixed-Race Draftees in South Korea Hyun Mee Kim, 127, 9 The Making of Multiculturalistic Subjectivity: The Case of Marriage Migrants' Empowerment in Taiwan Hsiao-Chuan Hsia, 141, 10 Historicizing Mixed-Race Representations in Japan: From Politicization to Identity Formation Sachiko Horiguchi and Yuki Imoto, 163, SECTION 4: MULTICULTURALISM AND LONG-EXISTING ETHNIC MINORITIES, 183, 11 Hwagyo under the Multiculturalism in South Korea: Residual Chinese or Emerging Transcultural Subject? Hyunjoon Shin, 185, 12 Multiculturalism and Indigenous Peoples: A Critical Review of the Experience in Taiwan Daya Dakasi Da-Wei Kuan, 203, 13 Living in Love and Hate: Transforming Representations and Identities of Zainichi Koreans in Contemporary Japan Kohei Kawabata, 221, Index, 235, About the Contributors, 239, CHAPTER 1 Rethinking Multiculturalism from a Trans-East-Asian Perspective Koichi Iwabuchi, Hyun Mee Kim and Hsiao-Chuan Hsia The first decade of the twenty-first century has witnessed the profusion of multicultural policies and discourses in East Asian countries, including in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, which have been historically identified as more "ethnically homogenous" than most other countries in the world (Castles and Davision 2000). While these three countries have not yet developed a comprehensive, consistent policy on migration and multiculturalism, the increasing number of migrants they have accepted and the intensifying cultural diversity that accompanies have already posed vital social issues they are faced with in this new century. This edited volume examines the growing multicultural encounters, the accompanying policy dis