Is there a history of neo-fascism in Brazil? The purpose of this Element is to analyze neo-fascism as a late phenomenon to understand its impacts and its connections with the so-called new rights, the radical right, as well as Bolsonarism. For this purpose, this Element is separated in three sections, addressing the formation of the first neo-fascist organizations after the Brazilian democratic transition; the development and articulation of a transnational network amidst a sharpening political crisis; and the emergence of a more complex and active Brazilian framework in the global extreme-right scenario in recent years. The main argument is that, despite being a late phenomenon, neo-fascism managed to articulate itself and have a political impact in Brazil, therefore eliciting further investigation to understand its complexity and diversity. Is there a history of neo-fascism in Brazil? The purpose of this Element is to analyze neo-fascism as a late phenomenon to understand its impacts and its connections with the so-called new rights, the radical right, as well as Bolsonarism.