Identifying the birth of contemporary philosophy involves critically reviewing ideas that were widely disseminated at the beginning of analytic philosophy and phenomenology. In both cases, rigorous historiography has been replaced by "creation myths" that, although relevant to determining the identity that each of the currents attributes to itself, ignore a web of complex systematic and historical relationships. This is the scope of the book Origins of Contemporary Philosophy: Studies on the Philosophy of Mathematics , published here by "Apolodoro Virtual Edições" as a special issue of the series "Rationality, Intentionality and Semantics," which brings together a presentation of the research group "Origins of Contemporary Philosophy" (GPOFC/PUC-SP) by Prof. Dr. Evandro O. Brito (UNICENTRO) and three papers resulting from research carried out by the German researcher Prof. Dr. Julia Franke-Reddig (University of Geneva/University of Siegen) and the Brazilian researchers Prof. M.e. Ernesto Maria Giusti (UNICENTRO) and Prof. Dr. Arthur Heller Britto (Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo).