Even though the gorilla is our closest living relative, information about its anatomy, and particularly its musculature, is scarce. This book is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of the gorilla. It includes high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical regions of the body, along with textual information about the attachments, innervations, and weight of the reported muscles. The atlas is an up-to-date review of the anatomical variations within gorillas as well as an extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature to designate the structures covered in the book. It also contains dissection observations of other primates and vertebrates, which are crucial for examining and understanding the homologies between the muscular structures of gorillas, humans, and other taxa. About the book: Gorillas, together with chimpanzees, are our closest living relatives. However, the information available in the literature about the anatomy of gorillas, and particularly their musculature, is scarce. For instance, many head and neck muscles, including various laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, have never been described in detail. This lack of information is in great part related to the difficulty of obtaining specimens for proper anatomical dissections, and makes it difficult to appropriately discuss the homologies, evolution and variations of the musculoskeletal structures of hominoids as a whole and, therefore, of our own species. This first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal Atlas of  Gorilla  differs from previous works done with gorillas and other primates in various ways. First, it includes numerous detailed high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical regions of the body. Second, it includes textual information about the attachments, innervation and weight of the reported muscles. Third, it is based on the dissections of various fresh gorillas, as well as on an extensive review of the works published by other authors, thus providing an updated review of the anatomical variations within gorillas as well as an extensive list of the synonyms used in the literature to designate the structures reported here. Fourth, the data previously obtained in our dissections of numerous other primates, as well as of numerous other vertebrates, proved to be crucial for examining and understanding the homologies between the muscular structures of gorillas, humans, and other taxa. It is thus hoped that this Atlas will be of interest to students, teachers and researchers working in fields such as primatology, comparative anatomy, functional morphology, zoology, or physical anthropology, as well as to those medical students, doctors and researchers that are interested in understanding the origin, evolution, homology and variations of the musculoskeletal structures of humans. Table of Contents: - 1. Introduction and Aims- 2. Methodology and Material- 3. Head and Neck Musculature- 3.1 Mandibular musculature- 3.2 Hyoid musculature- 3.3 Branchial musculature - 3.4 Hypobranchial musculature- 3.5 Extra-ocular musculature- 4. Pectoral and Upper Limb Musculature- 5. Trunk and Back Musculature- 6. Diaphragmatic and Abdominal Musculature- 7. Perineal, Coccygeal and Anal Musculature- 8. Pelvic and Lower Limb Musculature- Appendix I: Literature Including Information about the Muscles of Gorilla- Appendix II: Literature Cited, not Including Information about the Muscles of Gorilla- Index- Color Plates (103 color plates) Rui Diogo : Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA Josep M. Potau : Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Juan F. Pastor, Felix J. dePaz, Eva M. Ferrero : Department of Anatomy, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain Gaëlle Bello : Department of Animal Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Mercedex Barbosa : Department of Anatomy, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain Bernard A. Wood : Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA