Completely updated and revised throughout, the fourth edition of Principles of Computer Hardware explores the fundamentals of computer structure, architecture, and programming. The book opens with an introduction to the fundamental concepts behind computer architecture: gates, circuits, logic, and computer arithmetic. It goes on to discuss computer operation from instruction set architecture and assembly language programming to the central processing unit. Then, the text builds on these foundations; explaining how the hardware interfaces with its surroundings, introducing computer memory, operating systems, and computer peripherals. With clear, concise explanations throughout, Principles of Computer Hardware , Fourth Edition, is ideal for undergraduate courses in computer architecture. Student CD--Included with Every Copy of the Text �Features a Windows-based simulator for the student to explore the design of digital circuits �Includes Windows and DOS-based 68K simulators for students to investigate the operation of the 68K processor �Contains an ARM simulator that allows students to write programs for a RISC processor and run them on a PC Companion Website �Provides a bank of multiple-choice tests �Lists downloadable files of all figures from the book as well as solutions to problems featured in the text Alan Clements is Motorola Professor in the School of Computing Science and Mathematics at the University of Teesside, Middlesbrough. In 2003 he was awarded a National Teaching Fellowship for his contribution to teaching.