Kendrick Lamar and J. Cole blazed paths that salvaged socially conscious rap at a pivotal time in history. Conscious rap, a subgenre of hip-hop music that engages in dialogue about social and political issues and often challenges systems of oppression, ascended with pioneers like Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, Public Enemy, Ice Cube, A Tribe Called Quest, and other acts at the helm. But in recent decades, it lost much of its favor in pop culture and mainstream hip-hop. Jeremy C. McCool and Earl Hopkins explore the evolution of the subgenre and chronicle the rise of Kendrick Lamar and J. Cole. The two rappers are synonymous with chart-topping hits and platinum-selling albums, but their confessional poetry and soul-stirring lyrics establish them as the two biggest names in conscious rap within the new millennia. While many new artists have abandoned the subgenre in exchange for music trends linked to instantaneous success and acclaim, Cole and Lamar have preserved the lyrical prowess and revolutionary spirit of their hip-hop forefathers. They tackle issues such as drug addiction, poverty, systemic racism, and domestic violence while still appealing to mainstream audiences. McCool and Hopkins provide a fascinating look into Lamar and Cole's ascension: their humble upbringings, their past personal and musical challenges, and their eventual rise to becoming the two most prolific rap artists of their time. “ Raps of Resistance is the kind of meticulous and incisive work that serves the culture well by taking a wide-lens approach to helping us understand the role all of the elements of hip-hop have played in shaping the world we live in. This is a book, I hope, that will be a major part of the hip-hop literary canon.” ―Hanif Abdurraqib, award-winning poet, cultural critic, MacArthur fellow, and bestselling author, There's Always This Year “Battling is a hip-hop staple, reserved for the most skilled and strategic. What made this battle so popular is the two men being on top of the food chain, as revealed in this insightful book.” ―Affion Crockett, comedian “Throughout its history, conscious rap has remained hip-hop's heartbeat and true purpose. Jeremy C. McCool and Earl Hopkins insightfully articulate the detriments of its shrinking spotlight while highlighting the origin and impact of its modern torchbearers, J. Cole and Kendrick Lamar. Who will pick up where they leave off? It's an urgent question posed by this timely work that demands an answer.” ―Jonathan Abrams, award-winning journalist and author of The Come Up: An Oral History of the Rise of Hip-Hop “ Raps of Resistance is a thoughtful, compelling portrait of two of the genre's best and most groundbreaking acts. Earl Hopkins and Jeremy C. McCool expertly detail the throughlines between past and present, proving that rap has always been – and will always be – conscious.” ―Jessica Lipsky, award-winning journalist and author of It Ain't Retro: Daptone Records & the 21st Century Soul Revolution “This book not only showcases our roots in music but also explores the current state of hip-hop through the eyes of Kendrick Lamar and J. Cole. This is a must read not only for people who want to learn about the culture but also for anyone who is a fan of hip-hop.” ―Kyra Knox, Emmy Award-winning director “ Raps of Resistance is a tribute to the history, power, and influence of a movement of artists who have continually told stories of life in real time. The way that McCool and Hopkins describe the many comedies and tragedies of the artists, culture, and subgenres are seamlessly woven as an artistic masterpiece for all hip-hop enthusiasts.” ―Khalid N. Mumin, former Pennsylvania Secretary of Education “ Raps of Resistance is required reading for fans of Kendrick Lamar, J. Cole, and the art of hip-hop. McCool and Hopkins bring their geniuses together to publish one of the most scholarly and meditative primers that illuminates readers about the spirit of these groundbreaking rhymers.” ―Jaelani Turner-Williams, culture writer and regular contributor, AFROPUNK, Complex, Genius “Having witnessed hip-hop's evolution from its founding, I find Raps of Resistance to be a truly overdue and insightful tribute. This book brilliantly honors the genre's profound legacy as a vehicle for voices of resistance while powerfully illuminating a hopeful vision for its future. It's an essential read for all who understand hip-hop's enduring role as a cultural and social force.” ―Thomas C. Segar, Vice President for Student Affairs, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA “ Raps of Resistance offers both a reverent celebration and loving critique of hip-hop, holding up J. Cole and Kendrick Lamar as case studies in the current state of conscious rap. Bridging the barbershop and the academy, McCool and Hopkins invite readers into a timely conversation about the cultural, economic, and political forces swirling in and around hip-hop – and the nation – at thi