During the past thirty years the American religious landscape has undergone a dramatic change. More and more churches meet in converted warehouses, many have ministers who've never attended a seminary, and congregations are singing songs whose melodies might be heard in bars or nightclubs. Donald E. Miller's provocative examination of these "new paradigm churches"―sometimes called megachurches or postdenominational churches shows how they are reinventing the way Christianity is experienced in the United States today. Drawing on over five years of research and hundreds of interviews, Miller explores three of the movements that have created new paradigm churches: Calvary Chapel, Vineyard Christian Fellowship, and Hope Chapel. Together, these groups have over one thousand congregations and are growing rapidly, attracting large numbers of worshipers who have felt alienated from institutional religion. While attempting to reconnect with first-century Christianity, these churches meet in nonreligious structures and use the medium of contemporary twentieth-century America to spread their message through contemporary forms of worship, Christian rock music, and a variety of support and interest groups. In the first book to examine postdenominational churches in depth, Miller argues that these churches are involved in a second Reformation, one that challenges the bureaucracy and rigidity of mainstream Christianity. The religion of the new millennium, says Miller, will connect people to the sacred by reinventing traditional worship and redefining the institutional forms associated with denominational Christian churches. Nothing less than a transformation of religion in the United States may be taking place, and Miller convincingly demonstrates how "postmodern traditionalists" are at the forefront of this change. "With this consistently illuminating work Miller has advanced the sociological study of Christianity present and future, and displayed a winsome humility and unquestionable academic honesty."--"Christian Scholar's Review "A refreshingly honest and personal account, this book is a model for the analysis of religion and contemporary culture and contains important clues as to why many mainline churches are declining while others churches grow."—Wade Clark Roof, author of A Generation of Seekers "Everyone interested in the changing face of religion and society will want to read this engaging, empirically grounded, persuasively argued book."—Robert Wuthnow, author of The Restructuring of American Religion "[This is] a masterful study of American Protestantism. . . . A serious piece of scholarship offering an engaging story about religious upstarts."—Roger Finke, author of The Churching of America, 1776-1996 "A refreshingly honest and personal account, this book is a model for the analysis of religion and contemporary culture and contains important clues as to why many mainline churches are declining while others churches grow."―Wade Clark Roof, author of A Generation of Seekers "Everyone interested in the changing face of religion and society will want to read this engaging, empirically grounded, persuasively argued book."―Robert Wuthnow, author of The Restructuring of American Religion "[This is] a masterful study of American Protestantism. . . . A serious piece of scholarship offering an engaging story about religious upstarts."―Roger Finke, author of The Churching of America, 1776-1996 Donald E. Miller is Professor of Religion at the University of Southern California. He is coauthor with Barry Seltzer of Homeless Families: The Struggle for Dignity (1993) and with Lorna Miller of Survivors: An Oral History of the Armenian Genocide (California, 1993). Reinventing American Protestantism Christianity New Millenn By Donald E. Miller University of California Press Copyright © 1999 Donald E. Miller All right reserved. ISBN: 9780520218116 Introduction Winners and Losers Restructuring the Religious Economy A revolution is transforming American Protestantism. While many of the mainline churches are losing membership, overall church attendance is not declining. Instead, a new style of Christianity is being born in the United States, one that responds to fundamental cultural changes that began in the mid-1960s. These new paradigm churches, as I call them in this book, are changing the way Christianity looks and is experienced.1 Like upstart religious groups of the past, they have discarded many of the attributes of establishment religion. Appropriating contemporary cultural forms, these churches are creating a new genre of worship music; they are restructuring the organizational character of institutional religion; and they are democratizing access to the sacred by radicalizing the Protestant principle of the priesthood of all believers. The new paradigm can be found in many places. One of its most typical sites is within the numerous independent churches that have prolif