Many of the great advances in materials, medical and measurement devices have been the result of research in the area of nanotechnology, a multidisciplinary field to which many research groups in the word are dedicating their human and economic efforts. A spectacular development of nanotechnology in the medical field was, for instance, the obtaining, in record time, of vaccines to face the recent COVID-19 pandemic; others important advances are in the field of semiconductor devices, with the development of integrated circuits with greater density of active elements, as well as new light-emitting devices or semiconductor materials for applications in optoelectronics. It is not surprising then that many research groups in Mexico are devoted to do research in this field of science and technology, especially due the fact of the transfer of industries which are expecting to be moved to the country as result of the nearshoring, that is, the transfer of factories from the country of origin to places close to the market. Because of these facts the National Polytechnic Institute, one of the best research institutions in México, is carrying out active research in the field of nanotechnology in its multiple disciplines. Some of these results are summarized in this new volume, which constitutes the fifth in a series of books generated as result of investigations of members of the nanoscience and micro-nanotechnologies network of the National Polytechnic Institute.