The historical studies presented here examine four ideologies — Leninism, Trotskyism, anarchism, and anti-imperialism — still with us, however different and diffuse in form. In approaching these critically across cases from Russia, Turkey, Spain and Bolivia, the book contributes to the current renaissance of Marxism, while distancing this from the legacy of 'real existing' twentieth-century attempts at building revolutionary alternatives. Loren Goldner is a writer-activist who co-edits Insurgent Notes. He has published numerous articles and several books, including Ubu Saved From Drowning: Worker Insurgency and Statist Containment in Portugal and Spain, 1974-1977 (2000), Vanguard of Retrogression: Postmodern Fictions as Ideology in the Era of Fictitious Capital (2001), and Herman Melville: Between Charlemagne and the Antemosaic Cosmic Man: Race, Class and the Crisis of Bourgeois Ideology in an American Renaissance Writer (2006), all with Queequeg Publications.