Implementing safety practices in healthcare saves lives and improves the quality of care: it is therefore vital to apply good clinical practices, such as the WHO surgical checklist, to adopt the most appropriate measures for the prevention of assistance-related risks, and to identify the potential ones using tools such as reporting & learning systems. The culture of safety in the care environment and of human factors influencing it should be developed from the beginning of medical studies and in the first years of professional practice, in order to have the maximum impact on clinicians' and nurses' behavior. Medical errors tend to vary with the level of proficiency and experience, and this must be taken into account in adverse events prevention. Human factors assume a decisive importance in resilient organizations, and an understanding of risk control and containment is fundamental for all medical and surgical specialties. This open access book offers recommendations and examples of how to improve patient safety by changing practices, introducing organizational and technological innovations, and creating effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable care systems, in order to spread the quality and patient safety culture among the new generation of healthcare professionals, and is intended for residents and young professionals in different clinical specialties. Implementing safety practices in healthcare saves lives and improves the quality of care: it is therefore vital to apply good clinical practices, such as the WHO surgical checklist, to adopt the most appropriate measures for the prevention of assistance-related risks, and to identify the potential ones using tools such as reporting & learning systems. The culture of safety in the care environment and of human factors influencing it should be developed from the beginning of medical studies and in the first years of professional practice, in order to have the maximum impact on clinicians' and nurses' behavior. Medical errors tend to vary with the level of proficiency and experience, and this must be taken into account in adverse events prevention. Human factors assume a decisive importance in resilient organizations, and an understanding of risk control and containment is fundamental for all medical and surgical specialties. This open access book offers recommendations and examples of how to improve patient safety by changing practices, introducing organizational and technological innovations, and creating effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable care systems, in order to spread the quality and patient safety culture among the new generation of healthcare professionals, and is intended for residents and young professionals in different clinical specialties. Liam Donaldson is an honorary graduate of the University of Leicester and was formerly a lecturer at the university's Department of Community Health before becoming a Senior Lecturer in Epidemiology in 1981, when he also gained his MD. He served as the Chief Medical Officer of the Health Protection Agency (UK) and has been the chairman of the National Patient Safety Agency. He trained as a surgeon and went on to take up teaching and research posts at the University of Leicester. He is Chancellor of Newcastle University and Professor of Health Policy at Imperial College, London. He is a member of the International Advisory Council at APCO Worldwide Inc. and has received the Picker Institute Award for Excellence and the World Health Executive Forum Distinguished Leader Award. Walter Ricciardi is a Professor of Hygiene and Public Health at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Rome and is past president of the European Public Health Association(EUPHA) and of the of the Italian National Institute of Health. He was a member of the Ministry of Health’s Higher Health Council and the Italian Minister of Health appointed him chair of the Public Health Section of the Council. He was appointed member of the Expert Panel on Effective Ways of Investing in Health (European Commission, DG – SANTE) and member of the Steering Committee of the Center for Global Health Research and Studies at the Medical School, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart. He was appointed director of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Policy, Governance and Leadership at the Institute of Public Health at the same university. Sue Sheridan was the director of Patient Engagement for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). Before that she was the external lead of the Patients for Patient Safety program at the World Health Organization (WHO). Sheridan is a co-founder and  past president of Parents of Infants and Children with Kernicterus (brain damage from jaundice), and was involved in implementing a new  standard of care in jaundice management.  She is also  a co-founder of Consumers Advancing Patient Safety. Riccardo Tartaglia , MD, specialized in occupational me