This book provides a comprehensive overview of the key themes in Greek and Roman science, medicine, mathematics and technology. A distinguished team of specialists engage with topics including the role of observation and experiment, Presocratic natural philosophy, ancient creationism, and the special style of ancient Greek mathematical texts, while several chapters confront key questions in the philosophy of science such as the relationship between evidence and explanation. The volume will spark renewed discussion about the character of 'ancient' versus 'modern' science, and will broaden readers' understanding of the rich traditions of ancient Greco-Roman natural philosophy, science, medicine and mathematics. '… this Cambridge Companion is an excellent introductory guide to many areas of science-style inquiry in classical antiquity, and it is especially useful for less well known domains like botany, music, mechanics, or meteorology. In another way its authors' diverse choices offer a snapshot of our current relationship to Greco-Roman philosophical and scientific activity: our questions about its history are open-ended, even if a high proportion of them are still about Aristotle.' Philippa Lang Isis, Isis, a Journal of the History of Science Society Provides a broad framework for engaging with ideas relevant to ancient Greek and Roman science, medicine and technology. Liba Taub is Director of the Whipple Museum of the History of Science and Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge. She is the author of Ancient Meteorology (2003), Aetna and the Moon: Explaining Nature in Ancient Greece and Rome (2008), and Science Writing in Greco-Roman Antiquity (Cambridge, 2017).