Volume II surveys the history of fashion from the nineteenth-century to the present day. Covering the period beginning with mass industry and ending with calls for sustainability, this volume challenges the meaning of modernity and modernism from a global perspective and reflects on important scholarship that has changed our understanding of the relationship between fashion and colonialism. Empires shifted and new powers rose, with fashion marking and contending with this change. The volume concludes with a critical view of fashion and globalisation, and explores the deep connections between the fashion industry, the global economy, and the politics of production and wearing in the contemporary world. Examines the challenges of fashion from the nineteenth-century to the present day, from decolonisation to sustainability. Christopher Breward is Director of National Museums Scotland. He has published widely on the history of fashion and masculinity, clothing and city life and fashion's relationship with modernity. Notable publications include The Suit: Form, Function and Style (2016), and co-edited volumes London Fashion: from Street to Catwalk (2004) and Fashion's World Cities (2006). Beverly Lemire is Professor and Henry Marshall Tory Chair at the University of Alberta. She publishes widely on consumer practice, material culture, gender and trade. Notable publications include Global Trade and the Transformation of Consumer Cultures, c. 1500-1820 (2018) and the co-edited volume Object Lives & Global Histories in Northern North America. Material Culture in Motion, c. 1780-1980 (2021). Giorgio Riello is Chair of Early Modern Global History, European University Institute, Florence and Professor of Global History & Culture, University of Warwick. He publishes extensively on the history of fashion, textiles and trade between Europe and Asia. Among his books are: Cotton: The Fabric that Made the Modern World (2013); Luxury: A Rich History (with P. McNeil) (2016); and Back in Fashion: Western Fashion from the Middle Ages to the Present (2020).