The book narrates the living fragments of the author in the period of his four to ten-year-old, that is, his boyhood life. It focuses on the hardships of life of a child from the bottom of society and the awakening of his revolutionary consciousness. It captures all aspects of the real life of the people in old Russia and the performance and appearance of Russian national. It writes out Gorkys understanding of sufferings and his unique insights on society and life. It not only criticizes the darkness, but also shows the bright, with the endless hope and strength surging between the lines and words.