An extensive classic work on the origins of ceremonial magic throughout the world's many cultures and religions. French occultists Alphones Louis Constant (1810–1875) was born in Paris to a shoemaker father. At age twenty-two, he entered the seminary at Saint Sulpice for an education that would prepare him for the priesthood. While he did become ordained a deacon, he found that his doubts regarding the doctrine of the Catholic Church precluded him from completing his ordination. A week before he was due to take orders as a priest, he left the Church and returned to civilian life. Through the 1850s and 1860s, Constant developed and disseminated his growing ideas of the occult, mysticism, and the Kabbalistic school of thought. He became a ceremonial magician and developed a social circle of other mystical and occultist thinkers. Eschewing the charlatan's tricks and parlor illusions, Lévi believed that the practice of ceremonial magic required a strong will, psychic force, and powerful imagination to discover true science and influence reality. And anyone who attempted to use magic for personal gain would lead to their own destruction. Writing under the name Éliphas Lévi—a literal translation of his name Alphonse Lewis into Hebrew—he began to share his ideas on magic with the public. In 1860, he began work on  The History of Magic , an assessment and analysis of sacred magic through many past cultures. By exploring the magical components of the pagans, Kabbalists, ancient Greeks, Chinese, Indians, Catholics, and many other groups, Lévi sought to find the secret wisdom hidden within each. He also explored the secret traditions of the Illuminati, Freemasons, and the Knights Templar, among many others. The History of Magic  is an essential test for any student of ceremonial magic, revealing the truths behind the fables, allegories, and parables of these cultural traditions. Translated into English by the British poet and mystic, A.W. Waite, it was published posthumously in 1913. Waite was one of the creators of the well-known Rider-Waite Tarot Deck, one of the most widely used tarot decks in the world. Alphonse Louis Constant, better know by his pen name Eliphas Levi, was a master of the traditional Rosicrucian interpretation of the Kabbalah. He was born in France in 1810, and through the offices of the parish priest, was educated for the church at SaintSulpice. He was later expelled from seminary for teaching doctrines contrary to those of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1824 Levi began studying the occult sciences, and wrote about magic and the Kabbalah for the next three decades. His other books include Transcendental Magic , Mysteries of the Qabalah , and The Book of Splendours . A.E. Waite (1857-1942) is one of the bestknown authors and translators of magic and the occult. He is the creator of the Rider-Waite tarot and is the author of several books including Book of Black Magic and Pictorial Keys to the Tarot . The History of Magic By Éliphas Lévi, A.E. WAITE Red Wheel/Weiser, LLC Copyright © 2001 Red Wheel/Weiser All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-0-87728-929-6 Contents PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATIONINTRODUCTIONBOOK 1 THE DERIVATIONS OF MAGICCHAPTER I FABULOUS SOURCESCHAPTER II MAGIC OF THE MAGICHAPTER III MAGIC IN INDIACHAPTER IV HERMETIC MAGICCHAPTER V MAGIC IN GREECECHAPTER VI MATHEMATICAL MAGIC OF PYTHAGORASCHAPTER VII THE HOLY KABALAHBOOK II FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DOGMASCHAPTER I PRIMITIVE SYMBOLISM OF HISTORYCHAPTER II MYSTICISMCHAPTER III INITIATIONS AND ORDEALSCHAPTER IV THE MAGIC OF PUBLIC WORSHIPCHAPTER V MYSTERIES OF VIRGINITYCHAPTER VI SUPERSTITIONSCHAPTER VII MAGICAL MONUMENTSBOOK III DIVINE SYNTHESIS AND REALISATION OF MAGIA BY THE CHRISTIAN REVELATIONCHAPTER I CHRIST ACCUSED OF MAGIC BY THE JEWSCHAPTER II THE WITNESS OF MAGIC TO CHRISTIANITYCHAPTER III THE DEVILCHAPTER IV THE LAST PAGANSCHAPTER V LEGENDSCHAPTER VI SOME KABALISTIC PAINTINGS AND SACRED EMBLEMSCHAPTER VII PHILOSOPHERS OF THE ALEXANDRIAN SCHOOLBOOK IV MAGIC AND CIVILISATIONCHAPTER I MAGIC AMONG BARBARIANSCHAPTER II INFLUENCE OF WOMENCHAPTER III THE SALIC LAWS AGAINST SORCERERSCHAPTER IV LEGENDS OF THE REIGN OF CHARLEMAGNECHAPTER V MAGICIANSCHAPTER VI SOME FAMOUS PROSECUTIONSCHAPTER VII SUPERSTITIONS RELATING TO THE DEVILBOOK V THE ADEPTS AND THE PRIESTHOODCHAPTER I PRIESTS AND POPES ACCUSED OF MAGICCHAPTER II APPEARANCE OF THE BOHEMIAN NOMADSCHAPTER III LEGEND AND HISTORY OF RAYMUND LULLYCHAPTER IV ON CERTAIN ALCHEMISTSCHAPTER V SOME FAMOUS SORCERERS AND MAGICIANSCHAPTER VI SOME MAGICAL PROSECUTIONSCHAPTER VII THE MAGICAL ORIGIN OF FREEMASONRYBOOK VI MAGIC AND THE REVOLUTIONCHAPTER I REMARKABLE AUTHORS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURYCHAPTER II THAUMATURGIC PERSONALITIES OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURYCHAPTER III PROPHECIES OF CAZOTTECHAPTER IV THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONCHAPTER V PHENOMENA OF MEDIOMANIACHAPTER VI THE GERMAN ILLUMINATICHAPTER VII EMPIRE AND RESTORATIONBOOK VII MAGIC IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY