The reasons behind Detroit’s persistent racialized poverty after World War II Once America's "arsenal of democracy," Detroit is now the symbol of the American urban crisis. In this reappraisal of America’s racial and economic inequalities, Thomas Sugrue asks why Detroit and other industrial cities have become the sites of persistent racialized poverty. He challenges the conventional wisdom that urban decline is the product of the social programs and racial fissures of the 1960s. Weaving together the history of workplaces, unions, civil rights groups, political organizations, and real estate agencies, Sugrue finds the roots of today’s urban poverty in a hidden history of racial violence, discrimination, and deindustrialization that reshaped the American urban landscape after World War II. This Princeton Classics edition includes a new preface by Sugrue, discussing the lasting impact of the postwar transformation on urban America and the chronic issues leading to Detroit’s bankruptcy. "Winner of the 1998 Bancroft Prize in American History" "Winner of the 1997 Philip Taft Prize in Labor History" "Winner of the 1996 President's Book Award, Social Science History Association" "Winner of the 1997 Best Book in North American Urban History Award, Urban History Association" "One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 1997" "Praise for Princeton's previous edition:"[Sugrue's] disciplined historical engagement with a complex, often inglorious, past offers a compelling model for understanding how race and the Rust Belt converged to create the current impasse."" ― America "Praise for Princeton's previous edition: "A splendid book that does no less than transform our understanding of United States history after 1940."" ― Labor History "Praise for Princeton's previous edition: "[A] first-rate account . . . . With insight and elegance, Sugrue describes the street-by-street warfare to maintain housing values against the perceived encroachment of blacks trying desperately to escape the underbuilt and overcrowded slums."" ― Choice "Praise for Princeton's previous edition: "Perhaps by offering a clearer picture of how the urban crisis began, Sugrue brings us a bit closer to finding a way to end it."" ― In These Times "Praise for Princeton's previous edition: "[T]he most interesting, informative, and provocative book on modern Detroit."" ― Detroit Free Press "Praise for Princeton's previous edition: "Superbly researched and engagingly written."" ― Reviews in American History "Praise for Princeton's previous edition: "[A] devastating critique of the currently fashionable 'culture of poverty' thesis. Must reading for anyone concerned about the current urban crisis."" ---Jacqueline Jones, Lingua Franca Thomas J. Sugrue is the David Boies Professor of History and Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania. He is the author of Not Even Past: Barack Obama and the Burden of Race (Princeton) and Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North. THE ORIGINS OF THE URBAN CRISIS RACE AND INEQUALITY IN POSTWAR DETROIT By Thomas J. Sugrue PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS Copyright © 2005 Princeton University Press All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-0-691-16255-3 Contents List of Illustrations, ix, List of Tables, xiii, Preface to the Princeton Classics Edition, xv, Preface to the 2005 Paperback Edition, xxxii, Acknowledgments, li, Introduction, 3, PART ONE: ARSENAL, 15, 1. "Arsenal of Democracy", 17, 2. "Detroit's Time Bomb": Race and Housing in the 1940s, 33, 3. "The Coffin of Peace": The Containment of Public Housing, 57, PART TWO: RUST, 89, 4. "The Meanest and the Dirtiest Jobs": The Structures of Employment Discrimination, 91, 5. "The Damning Mark of False Prosperities": The Deindustrialization of Detroit, 125, 6. "Forget about Your Inalienable Right to Work": Responses to Industrial Decline and Discrimination, 153, PART THREE: FIRE, 179, 7. Class, Status, and Residence: The Changing Geography of Black Detroit, 181, 8. "Homeowners' Rights": White Resistance and the Rise of Antiliberalism, 209, 9. "United Communities Are Impregnable": Violence and the Color Line, 231, Conclusion. Crisis: Detroit and the Fate of Postindustrial America, 259, Appendixes, A. Index of Dissimilarity, Blacks and Whites in Major American Cities, 1940–1990, 273, B. African American Occupational Structure in Detroit, 1940–1970, 275, List of Abbreviations in the Notes, 279, Notes, 281, Index, 365, CHAPTER 1 "Arsenal of Democracy" In 1927, Charles Sheeler photographed the Ford Motor Company's enormous River Rouge plant. His most famous print depicts two starkly angular conveyor belts that transported coal into the power plant. In the background piercing the sky are eight tall, narrow smokestacks. Sheeler's striking image revealed the might of Detroit's industry, and did so by portraying only one small section of an industrial complex that consisted of nine