Sets forth an integrated concept of the 'natural history' of the psychoanalytical process, viewed in the light of experience gained in the child-analytical playroom, and applied to the more complicated phenomena of adult patients. This book contains the seeds of all Meltzer's further thinking. The Kleinian concepts of projective identification and the internal world are expanded by the Meltzerian view of the 'natural history' of an analysis, progressing in a sequence of phases that follows the development of primitive object relations. Once the analytic situation has been established, it is possible to sort out geographical and zonal confusions of the infant self in relation to internal objects, to work through depressive anxieties on the threshold of the depressive position and to integrate split off aspects of the self in the weaning process. This book will continue to be a reference text in clinical, technical and psychopathology seminars, as well as a travel companion for those who practice psychoanalysis as a 'human activity'. Clara Nemas, psychoanalyst, Buenos Aires "This is an amazing book: clear in its structure, very deep and complex in what it transmits. The formula on one level appears simple: gathering the transference, putting geographical and zonal confusions in order, negotiating the threshold of the depressive position and weaning, applicable to both children and adults and seen in the context of both the individual session and the psychoanalytical process as a whole. However, once immersed in the detail of this book, one discovers in it a truly never-ending source of rich, stimulating suggestions." Miriam Botbol, clinical psychologist, Grupo Psicoanalitico de Barcelona "A seminal masterpiece. The evolution of the transference-countertransference becomes the crux of the analytic method, and the whole of Meltzer's ensuing work is a further enrichment of this fundamental concept." Hugo Marquez, Maria Elena Petrilli, Mauro Rossetti, Gruppo di Studio Racker di Venezia~ "It is clear without being dogmatic; a guide by the man who always encouraged us to think for ourselves." Katherine Arnold, child and adult psychotherapist, London "In this keen and lively work Meltzer describes what he liked to call the "natural history" of the analytical process, described in a language as close as possible to the concreteness of the internal world of the child. I now see this first book as the kicking-off point for his historic discovery of the 'aesthetic conflict' as formulated twenty years later in his impassioned work 'The Apprehension of Beauty'." Jean Begoin, psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, Paris "This is an outstanding account of the different and complex phases of the psychoanalytical process. The author manages to ingeniously transmit his own long experience of analyses with children and adults, with the same conviction as that of the artist when his work succeeds in fully reflecting the truthful essence of his vision." Leon Grinberg, former Vice-President of the IPA (preface to Spanish edition, 1968) Donald Meltzer (1923-2004) was born in New York and studied medicine at Yale. After practising as a psychiatrist specialising in children and families, he moved to England to have analysis with Melanie Klein in the 1950s, and for some years was a training analyst with the British Society. He worked with both adults and children, and was innovative in the treatment of autistic children; in the treatment of children he worked closely with Esther Bick and Martha Harris whom he later married. He taught child psychiatry and psychoanalytic history at the Tavistock Clinic. He also took a special scholarly interest in art and aesthetics, based on a lifelong love of art. Meltzer taught widely and regularly in many countries, in Europe, Scandinavia, and North and South America, and his books have been published in many languages and continue to be increasingly influential in the teaching of psychoanalysis. His first book, The Psychoanalytical Process, was published by Heinemann in 1967 and was received with some suspicion (like all his books) by the psychoanalytic establishment. Subsequent books were published by Clunie Press for the Roland Harris Educational Trust which he set up together with Martha Harris (now the Harris Meltzer Trust). The Psychoanalytical Process was followed by Sexual States of Mind in 1973, Explorations in Autism in 1975; The Kleinian Development in 1978 (his lectures on Freud, Klein and Bion given to students at the Tavistock); Dream Life in 1984; The Apprehension of Beauty in 1988 (with Meg Harris Williams); and The Claustrum in 1992.