These thought-provoking teachings from respected Native American leaders and thinkers provide a connection with the land, the environment, and the simple beauties of life. This collection of writings from revered Native Americans offers timeless, meaningful lessons on living and learning. The Wisdom of the Native Americans Includes the Soul of an Indian and Other Writings by Ohiyesa, and the Great Speeches of Red Jacket, Chief Joseph, and Chief Seattle By Kent Nerburn New World Library Copyright © 1999 Kent Nerburn All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-1-57731-079-2 Contents INTRODUCTION, PART 1: THE WAYS OF THE NATIVE AMERICANS, CHAPTER 1: The Ways of the Land, CHAPTER 2: The Ways of Words and Silence, CHAPTER 3: The Ways of Learning, CHAPTER 4: The Ways of Living, CHAPTER 5: The Ways of Leading Others, CHAPTER 6: The Ways of the Heart, CHAPTER 7: The Ways of Believing, CHAPTER 8: The Betrayal of the Land, CHAPTER 9: The Ways of Dying, CHAPTER 10: The Passing of the Ways, CHAPTER 11: The Ways of the White Man, CHAPTER 12: The Ways of Civilization, CHAPTER 13: Heed These Words, PART 2: THE SOUL OF AN INDIAN, CHAPTER 14: Foreword, CHAPTER 15: The Ways of the Spirit, CHAPTER 16: The Ways of the People, CHAPTER 17: The Coming of the White Ways, PART 3: THE WISDOM OF THE GREAT CHIEFS, CHAPTER 18: Chief Red Jacket, CHAPTER 19: Chief Joseph, CHAPTER 20: Chief Seattle, Biographical Notes, Additional Notes, About the Editor, CHAPTER 1 THE WAYS OF THE LAND "All things are connected. Whatever befalls the earth befalls the children of the earth." — Chief Seattle Suqwamish and Duwamish I was born in Nature's wide domain! The trees were all that sheltered my infant limbs, the blue heavens all that covered me. I am one of Nature's children. I have always admired her. She shall be my glory: her features, her robes, and the wreath about her brow, the seasons, her stately oaks, and the evergreen — her hair, ringlets over the earth — all contribute to my enduring love of her. And wherever I see her, emotions of pleasure roll in my breast, and swell and burst like waves on the shores of the ocean, in prayer and praise to Him who has placed me in her hand. It is thought great to be born in palaces, surrounded with wealth — but to be born in Nature's wide domain is greater still! I would much more glory in this birthplace, with the broad canopy of heaven above me, and the giant arms of the forest trees for my shelter, than to be born in palaces of marble, studded with pillars of gold! Nature will be Nature still, while palaces shall decay and fall in ruins. Yes, Niagara will be Niagara a thousand years hence! The rainbow, a wreath over her brow, shall continue as long as the sun, and the flowing of the river — while the work of art, however carefully protected and preserved, shall fade and crumble into dust! — George Copway (Kahgegagahbowh) Ojibwe What is man without the beasts? If all the beasts were gone, men would die from great loneliness of spirit, for whatever happens to the beasts also happens to man. All things are connected. Whatever befalls the earth befalls the children of the earth. — Chief Seattle Suqwamish and Duwamish I love that land of winding waters more than all the rest of the world. A man who would not love his father's grave is worse than a wild animal. — Chief Joseph Nez Perce The character of the Indian's emotion left little room in his heart for antagonism toward his fellow creatures.... For the Lakota [one of the three branches of the Sioux nation], mountains, lakes, rivers, springs, valleys, and woods were all finished beauty. Winds, rain, snow, sunshine, day, night, and change of seasons were endlessly fascinating. Birds, insects, and animals filled the world with knowledge that defied the comprehension of man. The Lakota was a true naturalist — a lover of Nature. He loved the earth and all things of the earth, and the attachment grew with age. The old people came literally to love the soil and they sat or reclined on the ground with a feeling of being close to a mothering power. It was good for the skin to touch the earth, and the old people liked to remove their moccasins and walk with bare feet on the sacred earth. Their tipis were built upon the earth and their altars were made of earth. The birds that flew in the air came to rest upon the earth, and it was the final abiding place of all things that lived and grew. The soil was soothing, strengthening, cleansing, and healing. This is why the old Indian still sits upon the earth instead of propping himself up and away from its life-giving forces. For him, to sit or lie upon the ground is to be able to think more deeply and to feel more keenly; he can see more clearly into the mysteries of life and come closer in kinship to other lives about him. — Chief Luther Standing Bear Teton Sioux You ask me to plow the ground. Shall I take a knife and tear my mother's bosom? Then when I die she wil