This text explores the deep background of idea of reality, guided by the writings of Albert Einstein and his colleagues. The language and style of argument in philosophy, as well as the history of philosophy beginning with the Greeks, help to unpack key discoveries in the history of science, especially the transition from Newton’s system of nature to Einstein’s reformulation of the basic parameters of the cosmos. The language and style of argument of empirical science help to illuminate the history of philosophy, its revolutionary periods, its ancient and modern orthodoxies, and especially its key conceptions of knowledge, ignorance, being, nothingness, the sensorium of experience, intelligibility and objectivity. The text engages with the theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, the foundations crisis, and the unified field theory. Philosophy in Frege, Husserl, Heidegger, Russell, Wittgenstein -- Frank Ramsey, Donald Davidson, Willard Quine, Thomas Kuhn, Hilary Putnam, Harry Frankfurt -- and especially Kant's achievement -- are main subjects of the text. The text develops an understanding of fundamental ontology from initial questions from Parmenides to Einstein and Heisenberg's discussions, concluding with machine reader ontologies underlying contemporary developments in mathematics and computer science.